Dockerizing Selenium Python Tests

In modern test automation, Docker has become an essential tool for creating consistent and reproducible environments. For QA engineers and developers using Selenium with Python, Dockerization helps in running tests across different machines, CI/CD pipelines, or cloud environments without worrying about system dependencies. This blog will guide you through the process of Dockerizing Selenium Python tests and explain why it’s beneficial for scalable and flexible automation.


Why Docker for Selenium Tests?

Running Selenium tests locally is fine during development, but it poses challenges such as:

Dependency conflicts across different systems

Difficulty in sharing and scaling test environments

Problems running tests headlessly or in CI/CD pipelines

With Docker, you can package your test code, Python dependencies, and browser drivers into a single container that runs identically everywhere. This results in faster debugging, greater consistency, and better collaboration.


Step-by-Step: Dockerizing Your Selenium Python Tests

Let’s break down the process into simple steps.


🧪 1. Prepare Your Selenium Test Script

Example test using Selenium and Chrome:


python


# test_google.py

from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options


options = Options()

options.add_argument("--headless")


driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)

driver.get("https://www.google.com")

assert "Google" in driver.title

driver.quit()


🐳 2. Create a Dockerfile

Create a file named Dockerfile in your project folder:

Dockerfile



FROM python:3.10-slim


# Install Chrome

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \

    wget gnupg unzip curl \

    && wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb \

    && apt install -y ./google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb


# Install ChromeDriver

RUN CHROME_DRIVER_VERSION=`curl -sS https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/LATEST_RELEASE` && \

    wget https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/${CHROME_DRIVER_VERSION}/chromedriver_linux64.zip && \

    unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip && \

    mv chromedriver /usr/bin/chromedriver && \

    chmod +x /usr/bin/chromedriver


# Set environment variables

ENV PATH="/usr/bin/chromedriver:${PATH}"


# Install Selenium

COPY requirements.txt .

RUN pip install -r requirements.txt


# Copy test file

COPY . /app

WORKDIR /app


CMD ["python", "test_google.py"]

📦 3. Add requirements.txt

ini

Copy

Edit

selenium==4.10.0

🛠 4. Build and Run the Docker Container

bash

Copy

Edit

docker build -t selenium-python-test .

docker run selenium-python-test

If successful, the test will run inside a headless Chrome browser and exit silently unless there’s an error.


🔁 Optional: Use Docker Compose for Grid Testing

If you need to scale your tests or run them on different browsers, you can use Selenium Grid with Docker Compose for parallel execution.


Benefits of Dockerizing Selenium Tests

✅ Portability: Runs anywhere—your machine, CI/CD, cloud.

✅ Consistency: Identical test environment every time.

✅ Speed: No manual setup required.

✅ Scalability: Easily integrated with Selenium Grid and parallel testing.


Final Thoughts

Dockerizing your Selenium Python tests is a game-changer for modern automation. It simplifies test environment setup, makes your tests CI-ready, and ensures consistent execution across platforms. Whether you're working solo or in a large team, Docker brings stability and scalability to your testing workflow.

Learn Selenium with Pyhton Training Hyderabad

Read More:  Running Firefox in Headless Mode with Selenium Python
Read More: Headless Browser Testing in Selenium Python

Read More:  Selenium Grid with Python: Distributed Test Execution


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